Rational Choice Theory Criminology - 901 Words

Choice theory was born out of the perspective of crime causation which states that criminality is the result of conscious choice. This theory is also known as the rational choice theory. According to this theory, the choice whether or not to commit a criminal act is the result of a rational thought process that weighs the risks of paying the costs of committing a crime, against the benefits obtained. In other words, if the benefits--monetary or otherwise--outweigh the risks of sustaining the costs, such as fines, imprisonment or execution, then according to this theory the individual would be inclined to commit the crime, all other things being equal. In this calculus, the benefits are known. For example, â€Å"this diamond that I want to†¦show more content†¦These biologically pseudoscientific theories later played a role in German Nazi classification of racial, intelligence and behavioral typing as well. Again, the idea of individual rational choice as an element of criminal behavior was downplayed. Slightly less contrasting to the rational choice theory is the Psychobiological theory of human behavior. Originating with human genetic research in the 1960s, this theory stood for the proposition that the chemical makeup of a person—whether a result of naturally occurring DNA, genetic mutation caused by environmental contaminants, chemical changes through the addition or retraction of key nutrients, or chemical reactions to physical trauma—all contributed to the way the individual formulated thoughts, feeling and positive or criminal behavior. Here, the idea of the individual making rational â€Å"cost/benefit† choices was not discounted; rather, the thought process was considered as being influenced heavily by chemical and biological factors. If an individual’s chemical makeup were â€Å"out of balance†, that condition was deemed to cause undesirable or socially deviant behavior, contributing to criminal thou ght and action. Similar to the Psychobiological school of thought is the Psychological school of criminal causation. Two main undercurrents to this theory were biological causation and environmental causation, which were consideredShow MoreRelatedThe Rational Choice Theory Of Criminology1106 Words   |  5 Pages The Rational Choice Theory April Smolkowicz Criminology 3200 Georgia Gwinnett College  The Classical School of Criminology was developed by two utilitarian philosophers, Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham during the early 17th century. The Classical School of Criminology is an important theory in the framework of criminal behavior, with principle themes that include: criminal acts are of individuals free will and rational deliberation, calculating, and hedonistic beings. CriminalsRead MoreRational Choice Theory Criminology1151 Words   |  5 PagesIn Criminology, Prof. Boldt has either talked about or brought up a few dozen theories in just a few weeks. However one theory seems to show up more than the others, and is the more dominant explanation in describing criminal behavior. This concept is referred to as Rational Choice Theory. Over time theories have been produced to explain and help understand what leads to criminal behavior. The reason why people have studied these theories so closely is because of the helpful nature it provides toRead MoreCriminology Rational Choice Theory1683 Words   |  7 PagesName Instructor Course Date Essay Questions Question 1 At the core of criminology, there is a belief that a criminal decides to commit a crime after weighing the benefits and disadvantages of engaging. In such a case, the decision to commit the crime is a rational one, and the best way to counter it is through a deterrence-based system. The rational choice theory assumes that humans are self-centered and the actions they undertake determine the consequences they incur. The position of rationalityRead MoreRational Choice Theory Criminology1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe Classical School of Criminology, established by Cesare Beccaria, promotes the use of reason as the basis of legal authority and is based on the assumption that individuals weigh the consequences of their acts before committing a crime. It was based was based on assumptions that Individuals can â€Å"choose legal or illegal means to get what they want, fear of punishment can deter them from committing crime, and society can control behavior by making the pain of punishment greater than the pleasureRead MoreRational Choice Theory: Merits and Limitations1195 Words   |  5 Pagesinsight into Rational Choice Theory. This theory, highly relied upon by many disciplines, is also used to calculate and determine crime and criminal behavior. Through definition, example and techniques utilized by criminologists, the reader will have a better understanding of the subject. By definition, criminology is the study of crime, criminal behavior and how it pertains to the law. Criminology is considered a scientific technique. Therefore, those who study and carry out its theories are consideredRead MoreRational Decision Making And Its Effect On Crime Causation Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pages Rational Decision Making and its Effect on Crime Causation Most, if not all Americans, are familiar with the story of Batman and his alter ego Bruce Wayne. As a small child Bruce s parents were brutally gunned down in front of him prompting him to don the cape and mask to rid Gotham city of injustice. In the 2005 movie adaptation starring Christian Bale, Batman is asked why he so selflessly protects the city. He replies, â€Å"It s not who I am underneath, but what I do that defines me.† I believeRead MoreThe Theories Of Criminology And The Riots930 Words   |  4 PagesEvery crime has a correlation with a theory in criminology. These theories explain why crime happens and some even go to the extent to come up with a solution to prevent or stop crime. This paper will explore how certain theories of criminology connect with the riots that happened in Ferguson, Missouri. Facts from different articles will be used to back up the theory. The theories will explain why rioters committed the crimes did. The paper will take the actions of t he protestors and explain whyRead MoreRational Choice Theory Of Criminal Behavior Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagescase the choices that criminals make brings them pleasure and adrenaline. Criminal choices can be controlled by fear of punishment, but not all the time. The crime will be limited when the benefits are reduced and the costs increase. Rational choice theory is a perspective that holds criminality in the result of conscious choice. Not to mention, that it is predicted that individuals choose to commit crime when the benefits outweigh the costs of disobeying the law. In the rational choice theory, individualsRead MoreThe Rational Choice Theory1728 Words   |  7 PagesLa’Shante Samuels Kaplan University, CJ102 Criminology Unit Five Midterm Project The Rational Choice theory approach has been used by social and political scientists to put some type of meaning of why humans behave in a certain way. In recent years, rational choice theory has been widely used in other disciplines such as sociology, political science, and anthropology. It has gained influence in politics and sociology over the past thirty years. This choice theory stressed the role of knowledgeable selfRead MoreGeneral Theory Of Crime And Delinquency919 Words   |  4 PagesGeneral Theory of Crime and Delinquency Many theories exist including biological, psychological, and sociological theories that have been proposed by many criminologists in the criminal justice field and have been closely studied by people (Agnew, Cullen, Wilcox, 2004). Most theories are proposed at the micro level meaning it tries to explain the criminal behavior of individuals and some are proposed at the macro level which tries to explain the crime rates in social groups, meaning micro focuses

Characters Tell The Story. When Plays Start Off You Never

Characters Tell the Story When plays start off you never know what is going to happen. People only see the characters and the way they act. The play writer wants people to feel the emotion and the tension between the actors and actress. People watching plays like mystery, comedy, and romance novel. The goal of a play is to entertain and show the audience a story that they will enjoy. In the play â€Å"Trifles† by Susan Glaspell, the characters are not like the modern characters. These characters are people of the early years, and they are showing that men have a little more power than women do now. The play starts off telling of a murder and soon the character’s actions begin to unfold. The men of this play are speaking to the women†¦show more content†¦Mrs. Helmer is a woman that likes to spend money and is wanting to give her family a life that they will love. The outside world does not seem to be known to Mrs. Helmer but she has experience in it. She seems happy but deep down she has no clue how long it has been since she loved her husband. She speaks to her husband with love, but he speaks to her in an ill manner. In the play, Mr. Helmer says, â€Å"See! You see! I was right all along that we shouldn’t stayed longer,† he is putting her down and saying he is the only one right and she does nothing right. They have a relationship that is good and bad throughout the play. Mr. Helmer is a husband of authority and treats Nora as a child rather than an equal. He states that she is a play doll and only worried about his place in society. In the play, Dr. Rank is a of friend of the family and soon tells of Nora of him being sick instead of Mr. Helmer. He is very serious about society and does not like joking. Mr. Krogstad is a lawyer and is rotten to the root. He tries contradicting his way back into his job and blackmailing Nora to get his way. Mrs. Linde is an odd friend of Mrs. Helmer and she has just lost her husband. She is a very polite lady and gives thanks to the job Mr. Helmer gave her. The story ends in the wife finally leaving her husband and remember that she is not a doll house. In the play â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun,† by LorraineShow MoreRelatedEducating Rita Compare and Contrast1412 Words   |  6 PagesRussell. The play was inspired by Russells experiences at evening classes. Much of the comedy arises from Ritas fresh, unschooled reaction to the classics of English literature. But she is never patronized by the Russell, who recognizes from his own experience that education is a means of escape from ones own circumstances. Educating Rita takes the lives of two people on the opposite ends of the social spectrum and brings them together in the pursuit of education. It is a small intimate play, but itRead MoreAnalysis Of Menaechmus And Comedy Of Errors955 Words   |  4 PagesGreek comedies into plays meant for a Roman audience. Plautus’ The Brothers of Menaechmus, became a sou rce for Shakespeare’s’ play, Comedy of Errors. Shakespeare expands the story line of The Brothers of Menaechmus for his Comedy of Errors. Plautus’ play, The Brothers Menaechmus, heavily influenced Shakespeare’s play Comedy of Errors. First, The Brothers of Menaechmus begins with a humorous prologue performed by an unknown character who directly addresses the audience. Plautus starts the prologue withRead MoreThe Reapers Image1149 Words   |  5 PagesThe Reapers Image This story is about two men who were transporting an antique mirrow from the first floor of an old museum to the fifth. Their names were Spangler and Carlin. This mirror had a history of being haunted, and some people would look into the mirror and see a hooded figure standing behind them. This figure was presumed to be Death, and whenever someone would see this figure they were never seen again. Carlin spends the whole story trying to convice Spangler that this is reallyRead MoreThe Narrative Creation Of Self In Fahrenheit 4511308 Words   |  6 Pagesseen as the main character and the reason for this whole story because without him there would not be a story at all. However, while Montag is the central character his path is laid out for him by the other characters in the novel. These characters play the most important role in creating the feel of the story. Bradbury comments on humanitys urge to suppress what they do not understand. Clarisse McClellan appearance, actions, ideas, and relationships give important insight to the story. In this paperRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Cat s Eye 1316 Words   |  6 PagesThe story Cat s Eye begins with an extremely short chapter, as the main character quotes her brother. She states, Time is not a line, but a dimension, like the dimension of space. (Atwood 3) This starts off the story as she will continue to look back into her past, and what events made her who she is right now. She also quotes Y ou don t look back along time but down through it, like water. (3) This sets up the entire story as she proclaims that she isn t looking at her past as if it sRead MoreHarveys Dream and Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?1707 Words   |  7 PagesSneaky Similarities The pair of short stories I will be analyzing and comparing is â€Å"Harvey’s Dream† by Stephen King, and â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† by Joyce Carol Oates. These two stories are similar in many ways, and they can be compared critically based on their diction, point of view, similarities in narration, characterization, tone, et cetera. Though the stories are from different authors and have different plots, by comparing their literary techniques, their similaritiesRead MoreGlaspell s Trifles And The Invisibility Of Women1490 Words   |  6 PagesGlaspell’s Trifles and the Invisibility of Women Susan Glaspell’s play Trifles and Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House are plays that explore a number of important features of femininity and life as a woman. Trifles explores a number of thematic ideas surrounding a woman’s place and her propensity for violence. The Author explores a thematic idea that centers on the proper dispensation of justice: Glaspell critically investigates the question of whether an individual can truly receive justice fromRead MoreThe Role Of Female Characters In Hamlet1347 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet is a play about death, revenge, and love. Written by William Shakespeare, this play is famous around the world for its dramatic plot. The central theme of Hamlet is love. The story starts off with a Queen falling in love with the brother of her husband. The Queen decides to quickly marry the brother of her previous husband, when her previous husband suddenly dies. Her son (Prince Hamlet), who loves his biological father and disagrees with his mother ’s quick decision to marry, is quite saddenedRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement856 Words   |  4 Pagesin the world when a superpower country made such an important change, but these ideas of women’s rights were nothing short of new. In Greek theatre many writers used the theatre to get their philosophies, and personal believes out into society, like Sophocles. Sophocles was a Greek tragedine who practically revolutionized the Greek theater. Using more large new innovations in the theatre, Sophocles added more than two characters into his plays, resulting in more in depth characters and intricateRead MoreAnalysis Of Kenneth Branagh s Hamlet1044 Words   |  5 Pagesbased upon a play that was written four hundred years ago by a brilliant writer named William Shakespeare. The one person who I felt caught every line and scene was Kenneth Branagh’s Hamlet. Adapting even the works of the great William Shakespeare is a daunting task, but it takes the right mind of a director and writer to fully capture his imagination onto the big screen or on stage. If you do not know who that person is, you must be living under a rock. Literally. One of his great plays, The Merchant

Social/Cultural Impact of Integrated Resorts Singapore free essay sample

Singapore has been well known for its multi-racial society. With the opening of the Integrated Resorts (IRs) in Singapore, has led this multi-racial society to a greater level. By bringing people from a wide variety of places and cultures together, visitors and locals learn about each other, their differences, and their similarities and create mutual understanding. They also become aware of new tastes and ways of thinkingrated Resorts brings worries to the locals, hence, as a social safeguard to combat excessive gambling, the gambling levy was put in place, together with the setting up of the National Council on Problem Gambling and measures such as ‘casino exclusion’, to stop problem gamblers and those in financial difficulties from entering the casinos in Singapore. Several groups, including the Muslim and Christian communities and social activists, expressed their disapproval to the casinos. Many worries over the negative social impact of casino gambling as well as opening of doors to undesirable activities including money laundering, prostitution, and organized crime. We will write a custom essay sample on Social/Cultural Impact of Integrated Resorts Singapore or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In addition, newcomers or visitors to Singapore may cause problems owing to overcrowding or by bringing unfamiliar behaviors. Another social ill that sometimes occurs with the development of tourism is a decline in the moral conduct of the local people. Already, the crimes are rolling in along with the chips that the casino is raking in. A 53-year-old taxi driver, Loo Siew Wan, was charged late last month for impersonation, theft, and giving false information to the police. The driver managed to enter the RWS casino – in spite of an exclusion order – by stealing and using his brother’s driving license, casting doubt on the effectiveness of the measures put in place by the authorities. Loo was only caught after he allegedly tried to cheat a casino dealer on duty at a baccarat table by placing a bet of two 100 Singapore dollar (71 U. S. dollar) chips after the result of the game had been declared.

The Evolution Of The Harley Davidson Essays - Harley-Davidson

The Evolution Of The Harley Davidson The Evolution of the Harley Davidson By Barry Morgan Nearly a century ago, the first motorized bike was invented. The idea came from two ambitious young men, William J. Harley and Ben Davidson. Upon completion of their first successful prototype in a backyard shed, they were ready to show the world their newest creation. They could have never imagined the fame and fortune that was waiting just ahead of them. The invention of this unique machine sparked a revolution in the transportation industry. It could cover ground that was considered to be too treacherous for a four-wheeled vehicle to attempt. The narrow, two-wheeled design and the massive power made this possible and grabbed the attention of people everywhere. By the time World War I had begun, the United States Army had incorporated them into their ranks. However, the demand was not just from the Army. Civilians were finding the freedom of the wind in their faces and the sun on their backs completely addictive when they straddled one of these powerful machines. Although the first motorcycles looked nothing like the ones we see today, they were still considered to be the American Dream to many free-spirited young men. The flashy paint jobs and chromed-out motors with their loud mufflers expressed the born to be wild attitude of the daredevil riders. The low, road-hugging frame was constructed of a one-piece steel tubular design that had no rear shocks of any kind. Hence came the nickname Hard-tail. It was a stiff, spine-crunching ride that left even the most dedicated biker tired and hurting after a couple of hours of hard riding. The power train was a forty-five cubic inch, V-twin flathead motor with a four speed transmission that was shifted by hand on the side of the gas tank. The clutch was operated with the left foot, which made it extremely awkward when stopping at a red light or a stop sign. It did not take long to see the need for a more practical, comfortable ride. Thus, the inventors created the swing-arm frame. The swing-arm frame was built for comfort and tighter handling capabilities, which exploded onto the market. The design constituted two shocks on the rear of the frame, one on either side of the tire. The seat was also made of thicker foam than before. Harley Davidson also introduced the five-gallon Fat Bob gas tanks, which enabled the rider to take longer trips without having to stop for gas as often. The new frame design could also house a bigger engine. Therefore, the manufacturers increased the engine size to an eighty cubic inch, 1340 c.c. (Cubic centimeter) V-twin with a four-speed transmission and a foot shifter, using a hand-operated clutch. By this time, other motorcycle manufacturing companies had emerged everywhere. Japan, England, and Germany started building motorcycles that were basically all alike, other than the name. Dedicated Harley owners considered these foreign bikes disposable, since it was cheaper to throw them away and buy a new one rather than to repair them. They could not incorporate the quality that kept the Harley Davidson on top of the consumers best-buys list since their existence. Even today, the best selling motorcycle in the world, Harley Davidson, also happens to be the oldest motorcycle company in the world. Technology