Terrorism - Where is the Glory of War? :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Where is the Glory of War? I cannot find the glory in the war against terrorism. I remember when I picked up the newspaper expiry year and saw America Strikes Back blazed boastfully across it in letters 10 inches tall--my heart sank. Weve answered one terrorist act with another, raining death on the most war-scarred, terrified populace that ever crept to a door and looked out. The small plastic boxes of food we also dropped atomic number 18 a travesty. It is report that these are untouched, of course--Afghanis have spent their lives learning terror of anything hurled at them from the sky. Meanwhile, the honorable food aid on which so many depended for survival has been halted by the war. Weve killed whoever was too poor or crippled to flee, plus four addition aid workers who coordinated the removal of land mines from the beleaguered Afghan soil. That office is like a shot rubble, and so is my heart. I am going to have to keep imploring against this madness. Ill perish scol ded for it, I know. Ive already been called every name in the hatful Limbaugh handbook traitor, sinner, naive, liberal, peacenik, whiner. Im told I am dangerous because I might get in the way of this holy project weve undertaken to keep dropping to a great extent objects from the sky until weve wiped out every last person who could potentially shun us. Some people are praying for my immortal soul, and some have offered to acquire me a one-way ticket out of the country, to anywhere. I accept these gifts with a gratitude equal in measure to the spirit of generosity in which they were offered. state threaten vaguely, She wouldnt tactile property this way if her child had died in the war (I feel this way precisely because I can imagine that horror.) More crafty adversaries simply say I am r I clamber that, I fight it as if Im drowning. When I get to feeling I am an army of one standing out on the field of honor waving my ridiculous little flag of hope, I call up a friend or two . We remind ourselves in plain incline that the last time we got to elect somebody, the majority of us, by a on-key popular-vote count, did not ask for the guy who is currently telling us we willing win this war and not be misunderestimated. We arent standing apart from the crowd, we are the crowd.

Recommendation: Management and Staff Directory

Recommendation Since, the problem at Sundale community has begun when Ellis hired her close friend Chuck Johnson. Ellis action was bias when Havens report about Johnson misbehavior, then after Haven was come alived. Afterward the whole plaque was in turmoil. at that taperfore the director of Sundale floor showe should do something unless the validation will fall. T here is several ways which would recover Sundale Club. 1). Re organise of staff directory. Look fast to Sundale Club staff directory, it is look very centralization which help Ellis, who has countenance in important decisiveness making on her department. tho Watts has lost his fire to run the Sundale Club. Nevertheless as the director Watts should done something to prevent the organization before he retire. Watts should changes the staff directory to, Board of director President VP athletic VP Marketing VP Finance Manager Marketing Manager Finance Asst. athletic Since Sundale Club is the largest athletic/social in the metropolis. Centralization structure is not suitable for such large organization. Therefore Watts should change to decentralization from this structure he can balance the power or authority among the authorise managers.Even though decentralization structure takes longer time on decision making, but it ensures that the organization will not go to the wrong route or fall into big problem as it was. 2). Hire untested mangers or cares team. As Sundale Club has changed its structure, next step, Sundale Club should recruit new counsellings team. Watts might promote warble and Ellis to the board director and he himself could take the president position as well. As social activities is the main income for the organization.Therefore social department Sundale can place it under marketing department. Sundale have to hire financial and marketing management teams. At athletic department, Sundale may put Pat in the VP athletic, since she has worked here for nine years, and Mercer may take the Haven position. Sundale should fire Johnson because since he gets in the organization he makes his colleagues feel uncomfortable and most important is a lot of customers withdraw from being Sundale membership. 3).Rebuild the organization culture and gaining customers trust back. sound recording difficult if Sundale have to rebuild its culture, but since Sundale has hire new management team, its become easier because new employees or managers do not fuck the Sundale culture yet. There for it is a good time to rebuild its culture. Moreover Sundale has to gain back its customers trust. Since there was a rumor about Johnsons homosexual behavior in the organization and it will flow to the city too.

The Gravity Model of Trade

THE gloom assume OF TRADE 1 Assignment 1 The Gravity get Of workmanship Do Size And Distance Matter For The Exports Of japan? THE gravitation MODEL OF TRADE 2 Abstract In the field of worldwide economics, the gravity dumbfound for consider reveals that bilateral consider is formly relative with the extent of the economy (usually expressed in gross domestic product) and inversely proportional with the geographical standoffishness amid the analysed entities. The present report bedecks the model for the case of Japan, elaborating the trade patterns created among it and its 9 principal(prenominal) trade matchs.The parameters for the gravity equation are estimated and the coitus in the midst of gross domestic product and exports for the countries in question are turn ined with a scattered plot, for a more in-depth view on the connections. By testing the model it can be observed that the trade dealings of Japan are being captivated by the size of it of the economy a nd the distance to the trade partners. (JEL F100, F170) THE gravitational force MODEL OF TRADE 3 The law of global gravitation was published by Isaac Newton as a widely distributed physical law.Its application was later on spread into various handle of research, succeeding to explain a series of scientific phenomena. In supranational economics, the gravity model of trade is used in post to name bilateral trade flows in respect to the economic performance (measured in gross domestic product) and distance between the two states taken into consideration. The present report aims to illustrate the gravity model of trade for the particular case of Japan, revealing how size and distance influence the countrys exports, centering the study on the relation among Japan and its 9 top trade partner countries.The model will be tested by estimating the parameters of the gravity equation, namely the elasticities for gross domestic product and distance. In order to estimate the gravity equati on, the R statistical package has been used. The data set contains information regarding exports, gross domestic product and distance to destination country, retrieved from the 2011 external Trade Statistics Yearbook of the fall in Nations. All data has 2011 as the socio-economic class of reference. The gross domestic product value for each country has been converted into billions of USD, in order to maintain the same unit of measure.Example chinas gross domestic product 2011 = 47. 16 trillion CN? exchange rate 1$ = 6. 4588 CN? then, chinawares GDP for 2011 amounts to 7,298,147 millions USD. Figure 1 shows Japans trade as office of the exports of the top-9 export destinations in 2011, versus the GDP as share of the total GDP reported by the top-9 export destinations. As it can be seen, China does a lot more trade with Japan than even with the U. S. A, the main reason being the small distance between the two states, which THE solemness MODEL OF TRADE reduces transportation c osts.In addition to this, the cultural factor has excessively to be taken 4 into consideration, as both Japan and China are Asian cultures sharing similar values and tastes therefore they deport a look-alike pattern of trade. The linear equation appears as it follows z = 12. 03 + 0. 05 x1 (-0. 15) x2 The coefficients of correlation in respect to GDP are b = 0. 05, therefore there is a weak relationship between trade and 1 countrys GDP. The coefficient of correlation in respect to distance is c=-0. 5, therefore there is also a weak relationship between trade and the distance between Japan and the trade partner country. The direct effect is that trade increases by 0. 05% when the partner countrys GDP increases by 1%, while it decreases by 0. 15% when the distance to the partner countries increases by 1%. The mean and the standard departure (descripted variables) have been computed for the variables GDP, exports, distance. GDP mean= 1556897. 3, standard deviation= 2417090. 79 Expo rts mean= 58211. 7, standard deviation= 52047. 57 Distance mean=4319060. , standard deviation= 3462913. 81 The results obtained depict that the model it is indeed verified, but the correlations are not strong bountiful in order to fully explain the patterns of trade between Japan and its 9 main trade-partners. Nevertheless, we can observe that both distance between countries and the size of one countrys economy are factors that influence the trade between two states. THE GRAVITY MODEL OF TRADE 5 References American Economic Association, JEL Classification Codes Guide. Retrieved October 6, 2012 from http//www. aeaweb. org/jel/guide/jel. hp Centre dEtudes Prospectives et dInformations foreignes (CEPII) (2011). Geodesic Distances. Retrieved on October 6, 2012 from http//www. cepii. fr/anglaisgraph/bdd/distances. htm International Monetary Fund. (2012). International monetary Statistics Yearbook 2012. Washington, DC International Monetary Fund Krugman, Obstfeld, and Melitz (2012), In ternational economics Theory &038 Policy, (9th edition), Pearson Education United Nations. (2011). 2011 International Trade Statistics Yearbook. New York United Nations. Retrieved on October 14, 2012 from http//comtrade. n. org/pb/CountryPagesNew. aspx? y=2011 United Nations Statistics Division, Countries or areas, codes and abbreviations. Retrieved October 15, 2012 from http//unstats. un. org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha. htm THE GRAVITY MODEL OF TRADE 6 Table 1 Japans Trade Partners Country Exports (millions USD) China USA Republic of Korea China, Hong Kong SAR Thailand Singapore Germany Malaysia Netherlands 162062. 1 127679. 0 66167. 5 42954. 4 37530. 60 27264. 60 23505. 50 18796. 00 17945. 80 GDP (millions USD) 7298147. 00 14660400. 00 1116247. 00 243666. 00 345672. 00 259849. 0 3607364. 00 287943. 00 838112. 00 2098111. 00 10855. 59 1156. 67 2891225. 00 4612997. 00 5326388. 00 9298341. 00 5329095. 00 9303377. 00 Distance (km) Source Data retrieved from the 2011 International Trad e Statistics Yearbook of the United Nations (2011 year of reference) Table 1 THE GRAVITY MODEL OF TRADE 7 Figure 1. Which are the closest trade partners for Japan? This figure illustrates Japans trade as percentage of the exports of the top-9 export destinations in 2011, versus the GDP as percentage of the total GDP reported by the top-9 export destinations.

Women in today’s society

Essay on Wowork force Wo workforce In 2014 were generally seen as equal compared to their male counterparts. Women had become much more integrated In society and had a wider range of roles that they had the potential to fill. Women were no longer Limited purely to the creating of the offer It was seen as normal for women to Join men In the workplace and to nab higher positions in certain jobs however, the ratio of female bosses to male bosses was importantly different this can be seen politically, somewhat 7% of women held political halt over a country compared to 93% of men.These statistics show a acquire difference in power and backed up the idea at the time that men exploited women and were the clear leaders amongst society. However, women in 2014 did make more political power than ever before and were key in contributions and debates. There were many female Amps which had worked hard to earn their position and so were respected because of it very few were ever discrimina ted a conglomeratest.Whilst it is true that women had new opportunities, the humor that women should remain at theme and look after the house and children was seen s preferable by men they wanted to be the breadwinners and know that the bag was being looked after, that they could return home from work and have dinner already prepared. The difference in numbers betwixt working men and women was comparatively large, so it was clear that the main role women played in 2014 was that of the housekeeper they would only when work if they had to because of finance or that they simply wanted to.In most societies women had this election to make for themselves however, some societies heavily restricted female movement and pictured what role omen would fulfill they had no say in these orders because they had been created by political leaders who would have been all men, and challenging this system as a women would have led to mockery. One big difference between men and women in the workpl ace was payment. Even in more equal societies, men earned more than women. This was the case even In heavy romps such as the army.There was no real reason as to why women were paid less, one can only assume that Its because men maxim them as less able or thought that they should focus in the first place on the should. This example of women generally receiving less payment than men shows how women were discriminated against on a larger basis, compared to men. The word sexist in 2014 was generally delusive to be more directed and relevant to women due to the fact that men had more power politically, physically and that they should be the ones to work, instead of staying at home and cooking/cleaning.Sexism towards women was based around these ideas, with many satirical Jokes focusing around the idea of women having to cook and clean. Other discrimination took place t work, where some propagation women worked at an Industry dominated by men, this led to what was called a wishing o f fit between the personality a woman is supposed to own and the attributes considered necessary for the Job.Heres where the male descriptive stereotypes come Into play competent, assertive, decisive, rational, objective. When managers have little(a) information about what an employee or stereotypes, often to the detriment of women. One issue published in 2012 showed the sexist nature of employment during a Job hunt. Test participants were asked to ire candidates for a math task that both genders performed equally.The participants were twice as likely to hire the man even when candidates were identical for the unreserved reason that women are seen as worse at math than men. In conclusion, the overall role and status of women in 2014 was that they were mainly focused on looking after the home and caring for their children they were given the potential to gain a high social status, but many chose to let men go to work and those women who did want/have to work, were likely at time s to face sexism.

Indian Beer Industry – Oligopoly

Economies of denture The increase inefficiency of productionas the number of goods world produced increases. Government policies restrictions on advertising leading to surrogate ADVT. , polic ies which make it difficult for expansion of companies. Access to distribution channels cost of distribution in this industry admits to be looked at logically. If firms in this industry carries noteworthy costs from distribution which are then reflected in their legal injurys to clients, the customers will charter the competition.Suppliers product oppositeiation/ SWITCHING COSTS OF BUYERS the development of new products that may create a new aim or create fictionalise customers is always a key success when in a competition. spillage barriers Typical barriers to exit include highly specialized assets, which may be difficult to sell or relocate, huge exit costs, such as asset write-offs and closure costs, and inter-related businesses, making it infeasible to sell a realm of it. Another common barrier to exit is loss of customer goodwill. Buyers electric switch costs n order to remain competitive, companies in this sector essential make their products readily available and accessible to their customers or they will go with the competition. Advertising when everyones advertising in the industry is d same, its elementary for companies to get lost in the mix. However by staying on pilfer wid interesting and new ways to promote a product, people reckon that product better. Importance of a specific product to a customer An imp competitive advantage that ensures that customers will be less presumable to switch to another company for a similar product. BUYERS USE OF binary SOURCES urchasers regarding the selection of suppliers (sources), e. g. the use of a single or two or more (multiple) sources. Considers the justification of either method in the context of reduction the uncertainty (risk) of a particular purchase. Illustrates the marketers view of sourcing and the differing sales tactics active according to the suppliers preferences. Concludes that purchasers should examine uncertainty buying-selling situations (UBSS) objectively with regard to their own organizations need criteria, e. g. cost and timeliness, this determining the relevant sourcing policy.Demand and contribute curve postulate for beer increases at all prices 1. Initially in equilibrium with P1 and Q1. 2. A non-price decisive of demand (availability of complement goods) has changed the demand curve shifts out from D0 to D1 At the initial price level there is excess demand with quantity demanded uphill above the quantity suppliers are willing to supply at price P1 (? 2. 50) 3. The market price responds to excess demand by change magnitude. This causes demand to melt off again (movement back up the demand curve), but also supply to expand (movement down the supply curve) 4.The new equilibrium is reached where supply and demand are equal at the high price P2 (? 3) and Q2 (50 bottles) One of the reasons for higher sales of beer in South-India is the hot and humid climate for around 10 months. Due to this people consume beer all throughout the year increasing the volumes. As the figures suggest, thehot states contribute most to the revenues generated from the beer sales. (See Exhibit 15) . Hence we conclude that the boilersuit market in India is highly diverse and for each region different strategy needs to be employed.

Analize a Conflict in “Rip Van Winkle” Essay

One of the main conflicts in the baloney draw out avant-garde Winkle is about pedigree falling asleep for 20 years. To evade the verbal abuse of his married woman that he had to deal with e actually day, Rip left to the forest with his firedog Wolf. While he was enjoying a still view at the top of the mountain, a strange man scream his name over and over. The man reached Rips location and asked him if he could help him with the bags he carried. Rip helped the man and they headed to the mountain torrent. When they got there, they found a group of strange men playing nine-pins. Rip drank some Dutch gin that the men gave him, got really drunk, and fell asleep. When he woke up his dog was missing and his gun had blemished. He decided to go hindquarters to his town, scarcely all the routes to get there had changed.He finally got to his town and truism that everything and every peerless had changed. Rip even noticed that he had grown a one foot long beard. Nobody recognized him so they thought he was a spy, since he was public lecture about the king while others were talking about George Washington and the war. A girl approached him and he started asking her who her commence and mother were. She said Rip train Winkle and Dame Van Winkle. Rip figured that was his daughter so he told her that he was her father. She was very happy so see him again and brought him to live with her.Rips sleeps real meaning is that he is escaping from his family and his responsibilities. Irving, the author of the story, had Rip draw in to sleep in the first place, so his lineament could have an adventure when he woke up, not just so he could secede the present. Its important to see both points because Rip press release into the spiritual woods means both escape and adventure. The point that Irving was fashioning was that slowness will cause you to miss out on the things of the future. This story is like showing us what would happen if we could escape our responsibilities and come back at a convenient epoch.The fact that Rips wife had always nagged on him didnt make him sorry that he slept for as long as he did. He was actually relieved because he escaped the snatch that his wife had on him. It seemed that she took away a infract of his man-hood by always telling him what to do and what not to do. Rip hence returned back to the town square and realized what had happened. Not too umpteen people believed his story but reality struck and people started believe him. He was no longer looked at as a work-shy irresponsible man, but as a hero.During the Romantic Period of American Literature it was believed that imagination is greater than logic and that imagination is the greater radical to finding truth and beauty, what most authors valued. Romantic writers also believed that cities led to decomposition therefore nature is a safe place to become more(prenominal) spiritual. This is why Rip Van Winkle schemes into the forest with his dog to escape t he attack of his wife. Sleeping for 20 years is where the imagination is greater than logic part comes into play. The moral of the story, however, is to have your priorities in order. Rip helped neighbors whenever possible, yet was reluctant towards his family. Of course sleeping for 20 years isnt reasonable for us. Whether Irving is wild-eyed or not, the point is to display to every reader throughout time that we cannot sleep through a revolution, or shrink our responsibilities.

Comparing America’s Economy in the 1920s and the Current Economic Situation Essay

Few periods in America have influenced the current government structure, size, and scotchal system rather than the Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression. At the get down of the 1920s, the United States was converting from war term to peace time thriftiness at the time weapons for earth War I were no longer useful. In this decade, America became the richest democracy in the world and a culture of consumerism was born. People spent notes for better roads, tourism, and holiday resorts.Real estates booms sent land prices soaring (DeLong, 1997). spirit at technology, it played a vital role in delivering the economic and cultural good times that most of America enjoyed during the 1920s. The automobiles popularity, construction of roads and laid-backways, poured fresh public pedigrees into the economy. This resulted to tremendous economic prosperity. Technology enhanced communication with the first public station organism established, KDKA, the year 1922 introduced the first movie made with sound- The Jazz singer.It is in this time that the United States became a modern middle-class economy of radios, consumer appliances, automobiles and suburbs. Mass employment had made the United States the richest society the world had ever seen (DeLong, 1997). The economy at once seems to negate the glory it received in the 1920s. According to Leonhardt (2010), it produced $ 15 one million million worth of goods and services in 2008 in estimates, make it the largest in the world.The US economy however has shown a downward trend since in 2007, it began to slack off significantly mainly because of a real-estate slump and other financial problems that has lead the economy into a corner. The recession continued up to early 2009, making it the longest one in decades. August 2009 came with some hope with the national Reserve Banks policy-making committee saying that they believed the recession was ending. The bank cautioned that the recovery would be s low and ther e was a misfortune that unemployment was to remain high for another year.The year 2010 is seen as the year of loathsome economic contraction. According to Whitney (2010), reports in the financial media believe that the effects of current credit contraction and the massive injection of the central bank liquidity have prevented the collapse of financial markets. A lot is still to be done in order to leverage households and stimulate the general economic activity. The financial crisis has stripped the economy $ 13 trillion in beauteousness and Americans have grown gloomier about the economy and the nations heed over the past few months, although it shows signs of moving to recovery.The country is persistent with high unemployment with ordinary breaking people continuing to fight to keep their jobs and keep back their standard of living. This is a contrast on what was happening in the 1920s. US had transformed in less than a decade to become the richest commonwealth in the worl d. High pay of $5 a day showed the low unemployment rate that existed. Industries were booming with high profits and numerous companies opened their doors to starting line operations.The US might be the worlds leading economy, entirely the current unemployment rates, the number of businesses closing their doors as a result of unfitness to pay their debts and the constraints the government face in order to fully fund the budget requirements are overwhelming. The government, the Fed and the whole economy need to work towards alleviating bottlenecks that cause the economy harm. They need to uphold policies that will see to it that economy does not run to the stagflation condition of the 1970s.

Serandib Bank

CONTENT Page 1. Introduction. 1 2. executive director abstract. 2 3. Problem Statement. .3 4. Alternatives. 5 5. Conclusion 8 6. Implementations.. 9 Introduction This is the fourth assignment which I am forwarding as a case study for module 4 examination of paid Qualification in Human Resource heed 75th sight at the Institute of Personal Management Sri Lanka (IPM).The case is about the SerendiB lodgeing company which was playing a successful monopoly game in the patoisers field where wholly two other local swans were held collectable to the G everyplacenment regulations towards the implementation of alien posits in the country. The SerendiB wedge was leading the country with a module of 9,800 at the branches operating in individually leading town island wide. Very deep on its 50th anniversary, a new chief executive officer, Mrs. Maya Perera was appoint on her post who was just returned back to the country after sh atomic number 18 20 geezerhood at two foreign Bank s as a Top Executive.With the arrival of new chief executive officer, umpteen senior executives of the crack cocainet were miserable with her new approach which is emphasized on follo decoygs. Cooperate vision and strategies/ cargones objectives for nigh five years Creating customer friendly fulfill Introduction of a la mode(p) technology Motivating internal provide through extrinsic demand Promoting team build and achieving goals through team dynamics. The cuss was delighting its success for abutting two years till the time of arriving two foreign bevels and with that, on the spur of the import it faced a narrow drop in all aspects.The depose illogical its customers by 50% and the employee employee turnover was 22%. Finally the border has attached down its 22 branches and divest it two overseas operations. Executive Summary SerendibB Bank was practicing the seniority plated promotions, non-financial recognises for individual efforts and also rung enjoyed the traditional banking activities. But, new CEO emphasized the impotency of introduction of up-to-the-minute technology while motivating the lag through extrinsic want and promoting team work and achieving goals through team dynamism.Also, CEO wanted to incite people more towards the pecuniary final indemnifyments and as a result way introduced nearly a dozen of group inducings whilst statutory payments were paid in double over and above the legalized criteria. Although Bank achieved a higher(prenominal) ingathering rate in financial terms during the first two years tenure of new CEO, many senior executives were extremely unhappy with the CEOs new approach. With launching of two new foreign banks, many senior staff members left from the SerendibB and joined with this new banks for better prospects and unfreeze with the newly introduce final payment schemes.Within first sextet calendar months, SerendibB lost over 50% of customer base and also drop in revenue. Further, Sere ndibB had to close down 22 branches and divested two overseas operations. This case study builds the employee return remainss butt joint sponsor schemes to achieve their goals. However, Employers must(prenominal) first distinguish each objective clearly before developing appargonnt and intangible reinforce strategys. Important goals some(prenominal)(prenominal) as employee retention and job satisfaction, performance hard currency advance and employee motivation potful be achieved by ranking the desired outcome of employee abide by computer programmes. . Problem Statement 1. The newly introduced final payment management schema does non barrack to the requirements of the employees in the organization. The tellingness of reward package is impacted by internal and external factors and it is of the essence(predicate) for employers to continually monitor, evaluate and adjust their rewards and benefits packages to operate that they continue to accumulate employee s deficiencyfully. Changes in the competitive landscape, in the economy, in employee quests and in demographics empennage all impact how effectively existing packages meet employee asks.Ongoing assessment of both internal drivers and external environmental impacts sack up help ensure that companies reward packages serve to drive retention in a positive demeanor. But, New CEO of SerendibB Has changed the existing reward management body without doing a puritanical study. Therefore, change of existing reward management governance is not suitable to entire organization and its requirement. 2. The newly introduced Reward Management system does not have the proper balance between the fiscal and Non Financial Rewards, individual and group rewards.Financial rewards and group inducements ar one way vexationes throw out show their appreciation to employees for hard work and dedication, but this should be just one piece of the compensation system. Non-financial rewards and indi vidual incentives fundament obtain just as much weight by empowering employees, as candid as giving them a sense of accomplishment and of belonging. CEO of this bank al ways promoted the monetary rewards and the team work concept among staff. Therefore, rewarding system should be balanced among financial and non-financial rewards as soundly as the diverse(prenominal) and the group incentives. . The Reward Management System is not consistent and sustainability. Employee reward systems can help employers achieve their organizational goals. However, employers must first identify each objective clearly before developing tangible and intangible reward systems. New CEO had taken a decision to pay in double the EPF,ETF and gratuity over and above the legalized criteria. But he hasnt checked whether the organization can afford such(prenominal) a huge expensein the future. At the same time legal consultants also sensible the top management not to grant excessive financial rewards.The refore, such a reward managements system doesnt have a sustainability, accord and credibility 4. The Reward Management System does not catering the purpose. Employers must offer employee rewards that the companys employees find meaningful. Well-managed employee reward management system have tangible affirmative effects on the employers bottom line results such as Attraction, retention, motivation, engagement, return on investment. Throughout the case it doesnt demonstrate the key values of reward management system.Further, Majority of the staff of the SerendibB bank left and joined with new foreign bank due to frustration. In that case SerendibB was failed to full fill the basic requirement of the reward management system. 5. The Reward Management System does not cater the requirements of the existing staffWithinfirst six months of opening the competitor banks, SerendiB lost over 50% of customer base and had to face huge drop in revenue. Also, many of the senior staff members joine d the new foreign banks. By that moment, top management of the SerendibB bank well knew the reason behind.But, nobody take steps to change or enhance the existing rewarding system so that best fit for the existing employees and retain them with the SerendibB bank. Alternatives 1. SerendibBBank should come up with incentive intents as follows for their employees in hostelry to reward staffs who contribute the most to the profitability goals of the bank. This allows employees to reap the rewards to their business acquisition activities and helps to promote a sense of self-achievement and teamwork. a) Bank need to identify those products and services that it wants to concentrate upon based on product demand, pricing and pretend analysis.For example, when a bank decides that too much of its assets are related to the condo securities industry, a shift toward other income producing real estate is made. in one case the incumbent year product and profitability goals are established, th e various departments of the bank are informed of the products that the bank is going to pursue. b) It is recommended consult with staff and trade gist and gets their ideas of a new incentive system. Also, management can conduct apprise survey to get the ideas of staff. Provide clear choices in survey in order to get clear answers.Ask questions like Would you prefer a cash reward or a personalized plaque for being employee of the month? Employee surveys should also nominate a variety of monetary and non-monetary awards and ask employees to list their preferences. c) A bank profitability system takes each product that the bank offers and classifies it according to the responsible department and customer account. The various customer accounts are depute to specific employee who manage the account and increase the business lot of the bank with the customer. The employees also acquire new customer accounts that generate profit.Therefore, a proper profitability system must be capab le of bring in the develop of existing and new customer accounts by employee in order to reward the efforts of the employee through the incentive program of the bank d) Once the various income-producing goals are established for the bank, the acquisition incentive program is communicated to the departments involved. For example, if incentive payments are being offered for acquiring new real estate business loans, the program details what the employee needs to do in order to earn an incentive payment.The typical program involves the payment of an upfront fee to the employee of two per centum for the original acquisition of new business and a five share payment after the first year of operation from the ongoing business of the customer. This type of program tends to bring the operation of the bank together e) The continual monitoring of the profit and loss goals of the bank according to customer and assigned employee must be transparent and available to the relevant employee, as w ell as to the department supervisor. This allows for total follow-up and monetary remuneration.It also shows where adjustments need to be made due to problematic relationships. Furthermore, it provides the historical base for progress and motivation. f) Measure employee satisfaction of new or improved incentive plan by obtaining ideas of employees or implementing a survey and review exit question information. In addition, analyze turnover rates before and after implementing the employee incentive program to measure the effectiveness of the new or improved rewards system. 2. monetary incentives encourage employee compliance, rather than encouraging risk-taking, since most monetary rewards consider un little employee performance.Employees may be motivated to perform in certain ways to achieve monetary rewards, rather than doing something because it is the right thing to do. This behavior can disrupt or end good working relationships among associates, since they have choke competit ors rather than co-workers, which ultimately disrupts the overall work environment. Non-monetary incentives have been used to reward employees for their good work by providing opportunities for training, flexible work schedules, improved work environments and sabbaticals.Therefore it is essential to take a good balance between non-monetary and monetary incentives as well as the group and individual incentives. Because it results in a more satisfying program to address the diverse interests and needs of employees. 3. With the lost of customer base, SerendibB bank is in a terrible finance situation. Bank is still paying the statutory payments in double to existing employees due to wrong decision taken by its CEO. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately double back such extra payment (EPF,ETF Gratuity)done by the bank to its employees and on behalf of employees. . SerendibB Bank need effective reward systems in order to rive employees to the bank support their existing employees an d maintain a satisfied workforce. The primary employee reward is usually pay. But, SerendibB has to offer a total reward system that implys good pay and other non-monetary incentives. Designing a total reward system is important task to be done by the bank to pencil lead the current problem it has faced. Therefore, bank can implement following to attract external people. a) Develop a competitive pay strategy.Benchmark (two foreign banks) the market pay scale for each compensated position in the organization. Once pay scales are determined, Deputy CEO can decide which positions should be paid at, at a lower place or above the average pay rate. hypercritical positions in the organization are often paid at higher rates to bear on valuable employees and avoid wasting resources on employee searches. b) pretend work-life rewards. These rewards include paid or unpaid sick time, paid eat and break times, childcare assistance, variable work schedules and other benefits that dont norm ally include pay, but are seen as valuable by employees.Organizations that are in a position that precludes paying traditional benefits can sometimes keep employees by offering these types of rewards c) Develop meaningful employee recognition programs. Many employees suffice to simple recognition for a job well done. This can be as easy and spontaneous as a simple thank you or more organized as a monthly or quarterly recognition lunch or dinner. Its important that people who are recognized are truly outstanding workers. Depending on the profitability of the organization employees be recognized with anything from cash to event tickets to a certificate. ) Initiate a career development program. Many employees will stay at organizations that offer fewer benefits if they can see that there is possible job improvement available in the future. Offering management training programs that truly stipulation employee a leg up on future career rise can be viewed as a valuable reward. This ca n be a very low-cost reward system that keeps employees for the long-term. Its important to single offer training to employees who truly deserve it. 5. At this crucial time, it is important to retain existing employees.Therefore it is requires to offer them a short tem rewards such as meal allowances, bonuses, transport allowances, health and life insurance, and one-year vacation in order to keep employees. Conclusion Most people work chiefly or even exclusively for the money they earn. No employee refuses more money, whether it is a one-time reward or a permanent pay increase, but employee rewards need not always be monetary. Raises and bonuses are among the most potent body of work rewards. The importance of rewards in the workplace extends beyond providing increased pay.Therefore, it is important to starta proper reward system in the bank with the aim of getting below results to the SerendibB bank and overcomeexisting problems which bank is experienced now. Staff Retention St aff turnover is expensive. It costs a company from 120 to 200 percent of an employees annual salary to replace him when he leaves. New hires often require significant time to reach peak performance. Staffs who feel that the bank recognizes their efforts are less likely to seek jobs elsewhere than those who feel that they are taken for granted. Maintaining MoraleAt this moment staffs of SerendibBsuffer from low morale. This is especially due to unhappy with CEOs new approach towards the reward system. Providing rewards can boost morale and need not be much costly. Enhancing Performance Rewarding employees often improves performance on the job. Nonmonetary rewards often let surprisingly sustained increases in staff productivity. Raises and bonuses also increase staff productivity. Carrot Versus Stick Motivation Bank staff is consisted with educated employees. winning a stick approach to bank discipline is often counterproductive in motivating staff.Punishments, in the form of negat ive public recognition, can quickly disintegrate into a finger-pointing exercise among employees eager to keep the spotlight away from themselves. Therefore, it is very vital to have a effective rewarding system in SerendibB bank to speed up the enlisting bear on and as well as to retain the existing staff . Implementation Implementing an employee reward program is a great way to charge up workers to excel. Not only does a program generate results for the people who win awards, but it also tends to increase productivity and drive staff to go along their most to the SerendibB Bank.Therefore, it is recommended to consider the below given areas when implementing and employee reward program to the SerendibB Bank. director HR should take an initiative to implement a reward insurance policy for the Bank so that it would be clear to the bank staff. Also, bank need to initiate a grievance handling system, so that staff can come up with any problem they have and look for a solution. If such is available staff might wait and see whether they can have solution before they go for drastic actions such as leaving form the bankCreate two lists of goals, one for the bank and one for the staff. Be clear on what the staff are expected to do at heart the program and what bank want to achieve by creating it. Increasing customers, meliorate staff morale or rewarding hard staff are all acceptable goals, as long as bankis clear on them. Decide on the type of prize that will be awarded. Prizes can be symbolic (an actual certificate or medal) or they can be material and focus on money rewards, special items or long-term rewards, such as more time off or a raise. Announce the timing of the reward system.It doesnt really matter bank plan on handing out awards on a monthly or quarterly basis, but it has to plan in advance. Management of SerendibBlet the staff realize what to expect and when. Once announce the program, HR department of the bank can do updates throughout the month or quarter to show where the process is going and how everybody involved is doing. Designate a leader to keep track of the system. This could be a manager, a staff who is not participating in the program. Create a schedule or a follow-up system so bank staff can track themselves and make the process easier for the leader..

Osama Bin Ladin Essay

Osama Bin Ladin, the to the highest degree brutal terrorist and the key influence behind the September 11th attack, is quoted to fool said, All these crimes and sins committed by the Americans are a clear firmness of purpose of fight on graven image, his Messenger, and Moslems. The jihad is an individual(a) province if the enemy destroys the Muslim countries As for the fighting to repulse an enemy, it is aimed at defending sanctity and faith, and it is a dutyOn that basis, and in compliance with Gods order, we let go the following fatwa to all Muslims The ruling to kill the Americans and their allies-civilian and militaryis an individual duty for every Muslim who can do it in any rustic in which it is possible to do it. (Knapp) In the above quote, Osama Bin Ladin uses the termination jihad to distinguish his faith and states that his unearthly duty is to declare war on the enemy. The significance of the jihad is based upon the Qurans oerleap to struggle (the literal meaning of the word jihad) in the path of God and in the example of the Prophet Muhammad and his early Companions. (Esposito 117) Jihad has been interpreted other than between the Muslim populations some view the school of thought as a justification of violent actions and others as a peaceful Islamic commandment. To the extreme Muslim fundamentalist, its used to interpret and justify radical acts of spiritual demonstrations, such as September 11, 2001. The Islamic religion was developed in the 17th century and an instrumental doctrine crucial to its founding is the doctrine of Jihad, waging holy war on behalf of Islam as a religious duty. (Arbuckle, 11) Muslims go disagreed between themselves throughout history as to the true meaning of the term. almost Islamic theologians in Muslim history understood this obligation to be in a military sense. (Knapp) A common misperception because of Jihad, Islamic police force condones warfare. According to Michael Knapp in his article ti tled The Concept and Practice of Jihad in Islam, Islamic law condemns all warfare that does not chuck out as Jihad, especially any warfare among Muslims. Islamic militant and religious based political groups have become increasingly larger over the past 30 years.Many of these groups philosophy is based on the demands of the Jihad and their driving force is to create a society governed by the the Shari and a unified Islamic state, and to eliminate un-Islamic and unjust rulers. These groups are also reemphasizing individual conformity to the requirements of Islam. (Knapp) However, it is important to note that by Islamic Law, no war can be waged on the basis of Jihad unless it is endorsed by its leader and the right intention is imperative. Waging war for personal gain, such as money, conquest, or for political gain is unjust in the eyes of the Jihad. (Knapp)Radicals do not solely focus on the Jihad when waging war or make an extreme political statement. Radicalism has been a resu lt of various reasons religious, cultural, political and socio-economics. (Knapp) The fundamentalist Muslims are focused solely on the traditions and customs of the Islamic religion and when that custom or way of life is threatened there is a dramatic reaction. Many radical Islamic groups have blamed western sandwich civilization as a threat they believe that it is an evil that replaces Muslim religious and cultural identity and values with alien ideas and models of development. (Knapp)

How Women are portrayed in Death of a Salesman Essay

Linda Lowman is a cleaning charwoman who recovermed to be taken for granted in the Lowman theater but that did non mean she was powerless. The Great opinion reinforced female domesticity, which was clearly shown in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller through Linda (Koenig 1). In the time period that this playact took authority women did non know any other life than to stay at home and tend to their families. This being the case, Linda took care of the home but was not at all powerless because she dealt with all of Willys problems and held the family together. Miller portrays Linda as a woman who is submissive to her husband, which exemplifies that he is an anti feminist. The other woman in the play is also negatively portrayed as a stereotypical bimbo.Throughout the play, Miller depicts Linda as powerless and highly helpless on Willy but by digging deeper into her actions, one(a) can see is the backbone to the family. bore the cross of reality for them all, supporting he r husband, keeping up her calm, enthusiastic smile (Bigsby viii). Linda is portrayed by Miller as a genuinely weak individual mainly by how Willy speaks to her. In one dismantleicular example Willy loses his temper at Linda and says, Shut up turf out uptheres nothing wrong with him, which leaves Linda in tear (Miller 27). The shout out that Willy exerts on Linda is not to be taken as a representation of how he actually views women. tho rather, Miller makes statements which show how highly he implys of Linda such asLinda is bonnet. She is a fightinger. Willy is prone to bully her, do off her sentencesthis is a woman who has sustained the family when Willy has allowed fantasy to replace truth, who has lived with the knowledge of his suicidal intent, who sees through her sons bluster and demands their support (Bigsby xix). The description that Miller serious gave of Linda exemplifies her as a very independent, strong, loving woman who impart do anything to keep her fami ly together. Although Miller depicts Linda as a strong woman in the play the movie, shows otherwise. During the movie it seems that Willy is not only emotionally, but physically disgraceful to Linda.This may be the reason that Linda is so loyal to Willy out of headache instead of love (Schlondorf). By Linda staying with Willy even end-to-end physical abuse is showing that Miller feels as though women arent independent or strong enough to leave their husbands and the men receive a smell out of empowerment through dominion over women, The woman makes him feel he is an important salesman and powerful man (Ribkoff 123). This negative connotation towards women shows that Miller is an anti feminist. excursus from Linda Lowman, some other woman in the play is depicted in a negative, stereotypical way. Towards the end of the play we discover that Willy has been cheating on Linda with the other woman. Stereotypically, the other woman is considered a whore and ordinarily dumb or ditzy. The woman laughing gaily constantly represents the nous that she is considered to be dumb, for example The WOMAN enters, laughing Willy Will you check-out procedure laughing? Will you? (Miller 91). The movie shows this woman as a young, blonde, attractive woman who seems very ditzy and carefree. This portrayal of the woman is very stereotypical of bimbos and women who would sleep with a married man. Miller is creating a picture of this woman through the play and movie, which is sort of negative towards women. The way he views women is clear stupid, dependent, and promiscuous, although at mea surely he seems to depict the women in the play as strong individuals.It is impress that Willy engages in this verbal abuse towards Linda in the company of others. On umpteen occasions slug and Happy have been present to hear Willy localize down and yell at their mother. After repeatedly being told to stop by lap it seems Willy will eventually give in and the attacks will subside. Out of the two brothers Biff is the only one who says anything to Willy and give births up for his mother. When clever finds out that Biff is breathing out to try and start a furrow he is overjoyed until Linda chimes in as easy and tries to put in her two sense. Dont yell at her, Pop, will ya?I dont like you yelling at her all the time, and Im tellin you, thats all. Stop yelling at her is an example of how Biff stands up for Linda and is bothered by how she is treated. Biff can differentiate in the midst of what his father thinks is the right thing to do, and what is actually the right thing to do. He knows he isnt perfect, but he admits to his mistakes and learns form then, unlike his father, Willy, But unlike his father, he faces, and learns from his shame (Ribkoff 124).When Miller adds parts where men stand up for women it in unclear how he feels about feminism. From this example of Biff standing up for Linda it seems he is pro feminist but on the other hand, the way he des cribes the women in the play makes one think otherwise. Happy on the other hand does not say anything throughout this argument or others like it. Even though Willy yells at Linda quite often she does not defend herself. Maybe the reason she is not flake back when being verbally abused is not because she is a doormat but because she is so exhausted from caring for everything else. This is an example of how Linda can be seen as powerless. In the introduction Rhoda Koenig describes Linda Lowman as a dumb and efficacious doormat and does not stand up for herself (Bigsby xix).Linda has a lot on her plate amongst her husband losing touch with reality, her sons not having solid jobs and the lack of money in their household. She deals with all these tough situations very well and does not even put up a fight when she is yelled at by her husband. Linda manages to stay collected for the close part even though she holds very heavy burdens. She decides to release one of her burdens on Biff when she tells him about his fatherHes been trying to extinguish himselfthe insurance inspector cameall those car accidents in the last year werent accidentsI went down to the cellar. And behind the fuse box- it just happened to fall out- was a length of rubber pipe- just short. And sure enough, on the bottom of the body of water heater theres a new little mammilla on the gas pipe (Miller 43).Knowing your husband has plans or had plans to defeat himself can obviously take a large toll on someone but Linda keeps it together. She has so much love for Willy that she puts up with everything that is going on. She tells him he can be the best and tells him she believes in him, whether she believes it or not. Aside from her husband, Linda has to deal with Biff not having a job and Willy and Biff joust all the time. Biff does not motive to become a salesman because he would rather be outdoors and this causes a lot of conflict between him and his father. Although he was not gettin g as many perks as he would being a salesman he was still doing what he loved. To suffer liter weeks of the year for the sake of a two-week vacation, when all you really desire is to be outdoors, with your shirt off (Miller 11). Willy cannot understand why Biff would not want to be a salesman and resents the fact that he has not been very successful.Laundry, fixedness stockings, worrying about bills, and groceries are a few of the things Linda Lowman does on a daily basis. These tasks are assumed to be the role of a housewife, which is another example of how Miller sees women. It is clear that in the Lowman household, Linda is responsible for all the household responsibilities, which at that time became quite common As mens share in domestic activity began to disappear, housework truly became womens work (Leonard 307). Willy Lowman does go out and work throughout the day, but barely, while Linda is victorious care of many responsibilities. It is clear that Miller feels the woman should be staying at home and taking care of the entire house as well as tending to her husbands needs.Linda is always trying to cheer Willy by saying things like Ill make you a organizethe cheese is on the middle shelf and making sure he is completely satisfied. During the play, Linda always seems to be mending stockings, which is also stereotypical conduct of a housewife. Willy gets very angry when he sees her mending stockings because he feels so guilty about the other woman. When him and the woman have their encounters he always seems to give her a pair of stockings, and thanks for the stockings, which has occurred twice in the play (Miller 26). Willy goes off to work and Linda takes care of the house, worries about the money and makes sure she is completely devoted to Willy when he gets home. Miller seems to have a traditional view when dealing with the roles of women and men in the family.It seems like Miller is a closet pro feminist from time to time throughout the play. Al though most of his portrayals of women are negative and very stereotypical, there are certain instances where he leans in the opposite direction. For example, when Biff stood up for Linda as Willy was yelling at her that showed that Miller felt Linda should have been stood up for. The negative connotations towards women in this handwriting do not equate to the pro feminism examples throughout the book. It is tough to evaluate how Miller really feels about women and their place in the household, oeuvre and their general personalities.Works CitedBigsby, Christopher. Introduction. New York Penguin Group, 1998Koenig, Rhoda. Seduced by Salesmans plash. The Sunday Times. London, October 26, 1996, 10.4.Leonard, Eileen B. Household Labor and Technology in a Consumer floriculture. Composing Gender. Boston Bedford, 2009.Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. New York Penguin Group, 1976Schlondorf, Volker, dir. Dofas. Perf. Dustin Hoffman, Kate Reid, John Malkovich. VHS. Lorimar legal r esidence Video, 1986.

Howard Zinn’s A People’s History of the United States Essay

on that point are deuce vitrines of people in this story. They are the conquerors and the conquered. The communities that Zinn talks about in the story are the inwrought Americans and the English ordertlers that came to America. Out of those communities the conquerors were the English settlers and the conquered were the Native Americans. These two communities had similar and incompatible views on topics. One thing that the two viewed differently was how they viewed the arena. The Native Americans believed that the land did non belong to one single person, rather they believed that the land belonged to a whole tribe. The English settlers did not feel the same way.The settlers believed that each someone person had the opportunity to own his own land and that he whitethorn do whatever he wants to with it. Another difference the two communities had was their views on religion. The Native Americans did not believe in religion. They believed that there was a type of spiritual forc e that controlled the land. The English settlers did believe in religion. They worshipped gods and execute religious practices. The two groups did have some similarities though. One likeness was language. The two groups both used language to communicate with one another. Another similarity the two had was a law system. They both had punishments set up for the take of crime that someone within their community perpetrate. Those are some similarities and differences amid the two communities.Chapters 2 and 3Racism is not natural. Zinn expresses this in the story. There are two things that factor into racism not being natural. Those two things are historical forces and valet finales. Historical forces are certain ideas or movements become irresistible forces that will have their way. One example of this is plantations not having enough people to work on them. The plantation owners had Caucasian slaves further they were few and far to come by. They considered using Native Americans as slaves only if they were hard to capture and the owners knew that they would rebel. They eventually turned their attention to the very inhabited African American group. They went out and captured many African Americans and brought them into slavery.Human decision is a purposeful selection from a set of alternatives. An example of human decision is how they treated the slaves. The owners treated the African American slaves way worsened than they treated the Caucasian slaves. They made the penalty for crimes committed by African American slaves far worse than those for a white man that had committed the same crime. The owners also felt that the slaves may rebel. If the plantation was attack the glum slaves were not given weapons to defend themselves. This was to prevent them from every feeling in power and to prevent rebellions.These two things both factor into racism, but the main one that make waters racism is human decision. Racism is not something that is guaranteed to ha ppen. It was not set in stone that one race would hate another. It takes people to create this feeling. People themselves create this feeling and that is why it is human decision.

Skeletal, Muscular & Articular Systems

Skeletal, Articular and Muscular Systems Human pulp & adenosine monophosphate Physiology Assignment 6 A short study of the human bodies raddled, muscular and joint types. content toil 12 task 23 chore 3a8 tax 3b0 caper 4a10 Task 5a10 Task 6a11 Task 6b14 References16 Pictures/ dates16 Task 1 Task 1A A patient with a bone mineral density T-score of -2. 7 would be suffering from osteoporosis. Normal BMD, T-score -1 SD> Osteopenia, T-score between -1 & angstrom unit -2. 5 SD>< Osteoporosis, T-score -2. SD< Severe Osteoporosis, T-score -2. 5 SD< with associated fractures. 1 Task 1B Key internal secretions associated with bone formation in men/women ar PTH (parathyroid hormone) produced by the parathyroid glands, and Calcitonin produced by C- booths. In children, HGH is important and is around bear upond in epiphyseal abode activity in adolescents the stir hormones testosterone and oestrogen play an important role in bone developing, growth hormone (HGH) is m odulated by the activity of the thyroid hormones, ensuring that the soma has becoming proportions as it is growing.Later in adolescence, the sex hormones testosterone and oestrogen induce epiphyseal plate closure in the long mug up an excess of growth hormone during this development phase base lead to gigantism, while a insufficiency of HGH and/or the thyroid hormones would produce dwarfism. Low blood levels of ionic atomic number 20 forget stimulate the release of PTH in turn stimulating osteoclasts to reabsorb bone and frankincense releasing more atomic number 20 to the blood. Osteoclasts will talltail it down both old and new bone matrices, osteoid escapes assimilation asc guyable to its lack of atomic number 20 salts.Read Renal System Physiology PhysioexRising levels of blood calcium will end the stimulus of PTH, declining levels of PTH will reverse these force turn ups causing the level of blood Ca2+ to fall, calcitonin only has a negligible effect on calcium hom eostasis in humans. (Marieb & axerophtholere Hoehn, 2010, pp. 185-86) Task 1C The major supplements employ to attend to sufferers of osteoporosis argon calcium and vitamin D, aim for at least 700mg of calcium from food/drink intake when using calcium and vitamin D to help osteoporosis then a formulation prescribed by a convolute should be sought.Most over the counter calcium/vitamin D supplements do non contain the correct amount and ratio of calcium/vitamin D, to help cover up osteoporosis a formulation containing 1. 2g of calcium and 800iu of vitamin D2 should be taken. (NHS , 2011) Other good dietetical sources of calcium be small fish (with bones sardines/pilchards), low-fat dairy products and apparition green leafy vegetables (broccoli/cabbage/okra) as atomic number 18 tofu (soya) and nuts. (NHS, 2011) satisfactory dietary sources of vitamin D include all oily fish, eggs alternate spreads and liver.It is alike important to get the appropriate amount of sunlight, as the UVB rays traverse skin where they ar converted into pre-vitamin D3 by cutaneous 7-dehydrocholesterol. Aim for at least 5-30 minutes per day of UVB during the hours of 10am to 3pm, to the legs face plump for and arms for enough vitamin D production cloud cover and darker skin tones will stifle the available UVB. (USA. Gov, 2011) Task 1D High impact sports, such as data track metric weight whole training walking aerobiotic exercise and squash ar all good for increasing BMD, low impact sports such as swimming and cycling father no positive effect on BMD.Exercise regimes should be undertaken at least twice per week, preferably one-third time p/w of 30 minutes or more, and of course should be supervised by a qualified individual. The level of intensity should be low at the start of the regimen, increasing the number of repetitions and/or weight over time. Any BMD gains achieved would be lost if the exercise regime is send awayped, and thus regular face-to-face con tact is important to help foster a positive mental attitude. (Todd & Robinson, 2003)Individuals suffering from osteoporosis should be cargonful when task vigorous high impact exercise, due to the weakness of the skeletal ashes most importantly, an active lifestyle coupled with regular exercise should be followed to help combat osteoporosis in advancing historic period. Task 2 Task 2A Axial Skeleton Eighty bones separated to form three regions (skull, vertebral column & musculus pectoralis cage) make up the construction of the axile skeleton. The parts of the axial skeleton form the longitudinal bloc of the system, protect the brain/spinal cord and support the neck/ capitulum/trunk.The skull formed of the cranial and facial bones is an exceptionally complex osseous structure the skull serves as a compound for the frail brain, and has link positions for the accomplishment/neck musculuss. The vertebral column comprises of 26 asymmetrical bones given up to form a c urved flexible structure that supports the trunk extending from the skull to the hip joint the vertebral column transmits weight to the swallow limbs. Providing attachment points for the sinews of the neck/back and for the ribs, it also acts as protection for the spinal column.The thorax, more commonly cognize as the chest consists of thoracic vertebrae ribs sternum and costal cartilages that secure the ribs onto the sternum. Forming a protective cage around vital organs, the thorax has a full-length cone shape that is quite broad the thorax also supports the get up girdles upper limbs and provides the energys of the back/neck/shoulders and chest with connection points. (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, pp. 199,216) Task 2A Appendicular Skeleton The appendicular skeleton is made up of the limbs and their girdles, the appendicular skeleton is appended to the axial skeleton hence the name appendicular.The upper limbs attached via a yoke like girdle (pectoral) to the trunk of the ash es and the glare limbs secured by the pelvic girdle. The bones of the upper/ light limbs have unlike functionalities and mobility, but still have the same essential plane that the limbs are constituted of three key divisions linked via alterable joints. The appendicular skeletal structure allows us stool such as taking a step, picking up a cup or kicking a ball. The pectoral girdle is comprised of an anterior collarbone and a hind end scapula the shoulders formed from the associated brawns and the paired pectoral girdles.Attaching the upper limbs to the axial skeleton, the pectoral girdles also exemplify points of attachment for brawninesss that are responsible for moving the upper limbs mobility is high as these girdles are real light. The upper limbs form from 30 bones, from distributively one bone described locally as a bone of the hand, arm or forearm the arm is con slopered in an anatomical sense to be the upper limb between the shoulder and elbow. The lower limbs at tach to the axial skeleton via the pelvic girdle and diffuse the weight of the upper body to the lower limbs, and provide support for the pelvic visceral organs.Some of the strongest ligaments in the body attach the pelvic girdle to the axial skeleton, the pelvic girdle is very stable but lacks the mobility of the pectoral girdle carrying the weight of the body the lower limbs are subject to astonishing forces. Compared to the bones of the upper limbs, the bones of the lower limbs are much thicker and stronger. (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, pp. 223,233,237) Task 2b Axial/Appendicular Attachments The thoracic cage is nicely attached to the pectoral girdle, not like the pelvic girdle that is affixed to the axial skeleton by some marvellous strong ligaments, some of the strongest in the body.The sockets of the pelvic girdle are stocky and cuplike, the femur manoeuvre is secured firmly in place in these sockets, the pectoral girdle is far more moveable but the pelvic girdle is much mor e table. The shoulders are formed from the paired pectoral girdles and their associated muscles, a girdle usually refers to a belt like structure that encircles the body, til now in the case of the pectoral girdles this does not satisfy the said description. The average end of each clavicle is joined anteriorly to the sternum and the distal ends encounter the scapulae squint-eyedly.The scapulae do not perfect the girdle posteriorly, as their medial rims fail to join to each other or to the axial skeleton, until now the scapulae attach to the thorax and the vertebral column via muscles that garb their exteriors. The upper limbs are attached to the axial skeleton via the pectoral girdles and also provide connection points for the upper limb muscles. The girdles are light and this allows a freedom of movement that is not accomplished elsewhere in the body, as only the clavicle fastens to the axial skeleton, this allows the scapulae to move easily a marking the thorax.The hip joint macrocosm a ball and socket joint has a good range of motion however, the shoulder has a wider range of motion. The joints strong ligaments limit movements, but do occur in all planes. Formed from the articulation of the femurs spherical head and the greatly cupped acetabulum of the hipbone is the hip joint. A circular oral cavity of fibrocartilage (Acetabulor labrum) enhances the depth of the acetabulum the diameter of the labrum is smaller than the head of the femur qualification for a snug fit of these articulary surfaces dislocations of the hip are a rare incident.Extending from the brim of the acetabulum up to the stem of the femur, the sour articular casing wholly surrounds the joint there are several chesty ligaments that reinforce the hip joint capsule. These ligaments include the iliofemoral ligament, an anteriorly placed v-shaped ligament, and the pubofemoral, which is a triangular condensing of the lesser fragment of the capsule, and the ischiofemoral ligament that i s a coiling posterior ligament. On either side of the pelvic girdle, the iliolumbar ligament connects the pelvis and vertebral columns. (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, pp. 225-226,233,267) Ligaments of the pelvic girdle Iliolumbar ligament ? Anterior Sacroiliac ligament ? Sacrospinus ligament ? Sacrotuberous ligament ? Pubofemoral ligament ? Iliofemoral ligament ? Ischiofemoral ligament ? Sacroiliac ligament ? Ischiofemoral ligament ? Ligamentum teres Ligaments of the thoracic girdle ? capsular ligament ? Coracoclavicular ligament ? Costoclavicular ligament ? Coracohumeral ligament ? Glenohumeral ligament Task 2c Lordosis, Kyphosis, Scoliosis Cervical and lumbar secondary curvatures being convex anteriorly, are associated with a Childs development, this is a result of reshaping of the intervertebral discs and not from modification of the vertebrae.The cervical curvature being present at birth does not take distinct until 3 months when the baby will start to raise its head, whereas the l umbar curvature will develop when the baby begins to walk. During the early childhood years the vertebral problems of scoliosis or lordosis may appear as speedy growth of the long bones stretches muscles, lordosis is most often present during preschool years but is more often than not remedied when the abdominal muscle strengthen. This firming up tilts forward the pelvis and the thorax widens, thus developing the multitude posture in adolescence.At the onset of old-age many parts of the skeleton are affected, principally the spine the discs thin and loose elasticity and hydration resulting in a probable rise in disc herniation, at 55 years old its not uncommon to have a expiration of up to several centimetres in stature. Osteoporosis can produce further trim back of the spine as can kyphosis, in the elderly this is referred to as a dowagers hump, with age the thorax develops rigidity due to ossification of the costal cartilage, thus resulting in shallow breathing from a loss of r ib cage elasticity.Abnormal spine curvatures, of which some are congenital and some resulting from muscle weakness, disease and bad posture. In the thoracic region of the spine, an abnormal lateral curvature is referred to as scoliosis (twisted disease) most often presenting during adolescence and more common in girls. Scoliosis can also be a result of muscle paralysis, nonequivalent lower limbs (length) or severe abnormal vertebra structure, non-functioning muscles on one side of the spine will cause the muscles of the opposite side to exert an unopposed pull forcing the spine into a misaligned position.Body braces and/or surgery are apply to treat scoliosis during childhood and thus preventing a permanent deformity. Scoliosis can also cause breathing difficulties, due to the nature of the disease a compressed lung in not unusual. Kyphosis, often referred to as hunchback, is a thoracic curvature that is dorsally exaggerated very common due to osteoporosis in elderly people and c an also reflect rickets, osteomalacia or terbium of the spine.An accentuated curvature of the lumbar vertebrae is called Lordosis (swayback), this too can be caused by spinal tuberculosis or osteomalacia. Lordosis can also be caused in a temporary form by carrying a heavy frontal load, a pregnant woman being one example. These individuals will usually pushback their shoulders in lay out to preserve their centre of gravity, this of course emphasises the lumbar arch. (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, pp. 217,243-244) Task 3a Structural Class Structural Types Type of Mobility Characteristics Fibrous3 Articulating bones joined by Sutures (Short Fibres) Child/Limited fibrous connective tissue. heavy(p)/Synarthrosis Syndesmosis (Longer Fibres) Amphiarthrosis/Immobile Gomphosis (Periodontal Ligament) Immobile Cartilaginous4 Synchondrosis (Hyaline gristle) Immobile Articulating bones joined by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage. Symphysis (Fibrocartilage) Slig ht Movement Synovial5 Joint capsule containing synovial monotonic Nonaxial membrane and synovial fluid. Hinge Uniaxial Pivot Atlantoaxial Condyloid biaxial Saddle Biaxial Ball & Socket Multiaxial Task 4a Characteristic Skeletal Cardiac fine-tune Attached to bones, facial muscle & skin. Walls of the heart. Single unit muscle in walls of hollow Location visceral organs (other than the heart) & multiunit muscle in intrinsic eye muscles, airways & large arteries. Single, very long, cylindrical, biramous chains of cells uni-Single, fusiform, uninucleate no Shape and appearance multinucleate cells with provable or binucleate striations. striations. striations. Epimysium, perimysium and endomysium. Endomysium attached to fibrous Endomysium. Connective Tissue components skeleton of heart. Voluntary via axon terminals of the Involuntary, intrinsic system Involuntary autonomic jumpiness hormones, Regulation of muscular contractio n somatic tense system. regulation also autonomic local chemicals stretch. nervous system controls hormones stretch. Slow to fast Slow very slow Speed of contraction No Yes Yes, in single unit muscle Rhythmic contraction Task 5a The classification of muscles falls into tetrad purposeful groups prime movers (agonists), antagonists, synergists and fixators.A prime mover or agonist is a muscle that has the chief responsibility of producing an explicit undertaking, for instance the biceps brachii is the fleshy muscle of the anterior arm that is the agonist of elbow flexion. An antagonist is a muscle that opposes the movements of agonists, an active agonist will result in a stretched or relaxed antagonist however, antagonists usually help to regulate movement of the agonist with a slight tightening to provide resistance to slow or stop movement as not to overshoot the mark. Agonists and antagonists are located opposite each other on the joint of which they act, a ntagonists can also survey as agonists and one example of this is the biceps brachii causing flexion of the forearm that is antagonised by the triceps brachii, the agonist for forearm extension.In supplement to the agonists and antagonists, the majority of muscle movements also involve synergists, synergists cut back alongside agonists to add extra force to movements or they work to reduce detrimental movements that can arise when the agonists move. (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, p. 321) Task 5b human elbow Flexion Elbow Extension Pronation Supination Biceps brachii (Prime mover) Triceps brachii (Prime mover) Pronator teres Biceps brachii Brachialis (Prime mover) Anconeus Pronator quadratus (Prime mover) Supinator Pronator teres (Weak) Brachioradialis Task 5c Biceps brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis Task 5d Triceps brachii, Anconeus Task 5e Triceps brachii, Anconeus Task 5f Biceps brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis Task 6a Contraction refers to the activation of myosin cross bridge over, these bridges are the force generating sites when the tension is generated then contracting occurs through the cross bridges of the thin filaments, this force must surpass forces opposed to trim this then pulls filaments toward the m-line. When tension declines and the cross bridges inactivate, then contraction ends thus inducing relaxation in the muscle fibre.In the sliding filament feigning of contraction, thin filaments will fall away past thick filaments, and as a result, the actin6 and myosin7 strands will overlap to a larger gradation. Relaxed muscle fibres only have thick and thin fibres overlapping at the tips of the a-bonds, stimulation of the muscles fibres by the nervous system activates the myosin heads of the thick filaments to clasp onto the myosin fastening position on the actin of the thin filaments, and this process begins sliding. 8 In the course of contraction, these cross bridge connections are strained/ scummy legion(predicate) times, the att achments act like miniscule ratchets in order to create pressure and thus impel the thin filaments further toward the sarcomeres centre.This contraction event occurs concurrently throughout all sarcomeres in a cell shortening the muscle cell, it should be noted as the thin filaments slide towards the centre the z-disc to which they are attached to will be pulled toward the m-line. 9 In an boilers suit look at contraction, the muscle cell contracts as do the i-bonds and the hold between consecutive z-discs is reduced and the h-zones vanish, moving the contiguous a-bonds closer unitedly however, they do not change in length. (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, p. 284) Task 6b moderate Phosphorylation The demand for adenosine triphosphate rises as we begin vigorous exercise, within a few contractions stored adenosine triphosphate is consumed, creatine phosphate is then used to egenerate adenosine triphosphate and this process is ongoing while the metabolic pathways acclimatize to the bodies demand for increase ATP. Pairing CP with ADP results in an almost instantaneous energy transfer, and a phosphate group to form ATP from the CP to ADP. Two to three times as much CP as ATP is stored in muscle cells, the CP-ADP feedback is improbably efficient and the volume of ATP in muscle cells does not change by much during the preliminary contraction phase. Maximum muscle berth can be provided for 14-16 seconds using stored CP and ATP, this is roughly long enough to shake up muscle for a 100-metre surge this reaction is reversible and CP resources are refilled during residual periods. 10 (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, pp. 298-99) Anaerobic PathwayMore ATP is engendered by catabolism as stored ATP and CP are expended this catabolism of glucose is through the blood or from glycogen stored in muscle, glycolysis is the opening phase of glucose breakdown, glycolysis occurs in both the presence and absence of type O however, it does not use oxygen and is therefore anaerobiotic. Glucose is destroyed to form twain pyruvates during glycolysis, this releases enough energy to form some ATP (two ATP per glucose) usually, pyruvate manufacture would then enter the mitochondria and reacting with oxygen would provide even more ATP using the aerobic pathway. Vigorous muscle contraction at about 70% causes the bulging muscles to compress blood vessels, thus impairing blood come down and oxygen delivery.During these anaerobic conditions, the majority of pyruvate produced is transformed into lactic acid, this process is referred to anaerobic glycolysis. Anaerobic glycolysis yields around 5% of the ATP produced via the aerobic pathway from each glucose molecule, however it produces ATP about 2. 5 times faster than the aerobic pathway. 11 (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, pp. 298-99) Aerobic Pathway Ninety-five percent of ATP used for muscle activity during moderate exercise and rest is produced via the aerobic cellular respiration pathway. Occurring in the mitochondria, aerobic res piration requires oxygen and encompasses a series of chemical reactions. During these reactions, the links of fuel molecules are destroyed liberating energy for ATP production.Glucose is broken down utterly to yield water, CO2 and great quantities of ATP, diffusing out of muscle tissue into the blood the lungs remove CO2. With the onset of exercise, glycogen stored in the muscles provides a large amount of the fuel, briefly, subsequently this circulating glucose, pyruvate and free fertile acids are the main source of fuel, roughly 30 minutes after this fatty acids will be the main energy source. Aerobic glycolysis provides a great deal of ATP (32), but is slow due to its numerous steps it also requires a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients to continue. 12 (Marieb & Hoehn, 2010, pp. 298-99) pic References Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. , 2010. Bones and Skeletal Tissue. In A. Wagner, ed.Human frame & Physiology. eighth ed. San Francisco Pearson International Ltd. pp. 185-8 6. Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. , 2010. Bones and Skeletal tissue. In A. Wagner, ed. Human Anatomy & Physiology. eighth ed. San Francisco Pearson International Ltd. pp. 199,216. Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. , 2010. Bones and Skeletal Tissue. In A. Wagner, ed. Human Anatomy & Physiology. eighth ed. San Francisco Pearson International Ltd. pp. 223,233,237. Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. , 2010. Covering, livelihood and Movement of the Body. In A. Wagner, ed. Human Anatomy and Physiology. 8th ed. San Francisco Pearson International Ltd. p. 284. Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. , 2010.Covering, Support and Movement of the Body. In A. Wagner, ed. Human Anatomy & Physiology. 8th ed. San Francisco Pearson International Ltd. pp. 225-226,233,267. Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. , 2010. Muscles and Muscle Tissue. In A. Wagner, ed. Human Anatomy and Physiology. 8th ed. San Francisco Pearson International Ltd. pp. 298-99. Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. , 2010. The Muscular System. In A. Wagner, ed. Human Anatomy & Physiology. 8th ed. San Francisco Pearson International Ltd. p. 321. Marieb, E. N. & Hoehn, K. , 2010. The Vertebral Column. In A. Wagner, ed. Human Anatomy & Physiology. 8th ed. San Francisco Pearson International. pp. 217, 243-244. NHS , 2011.Osteoporosis Treatment. Online for sale at HYPERLINK http//www. nhs. uk/Conditions/Osteoporosis/Pages/Treatment. aspx http//www. nhs. uk/Conditions/Osteoporosis/Pages/Treatment. aspx Accessed 13 May 2011. NHS, 2011. Vitamins and Minerals Calcium. Online Available at HYPERLINK http//www. nhs. uk/Conditions/vitamins-minerals/Pages/Calcium. aspx http//www. nhs. uk/Conditions/vitamins-minerals/Pages/Calcium. aspx Accessed 13 May 2011. Todd, J. A. & Robinson, R. J. , 2003. Osteoporosis and Exercise. Postgrad Medical Journal, 4(79), pp. 320-23. USA. Gov, 2011. Vitamin D. Online Available at HYPERLINK http//ods. od. nih. ov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/ http//ods. od. nih. gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthPr ofessional/ Accessed 13 May 2011. Pictures/Figures http//samedical. blogspot. com/2010/07/contraction-of-skeletal-muscle. html (Figure 6. 1/6. 2/6. 3/6. 4/6. 5) http//i. acdn. us/image/A2868/286833/300_286833. jpg (Figure 7. 1) http//www. mindfiesta. com/images/article/Respiration_clip_image001. gif (Figure 7. 2) &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 1 http//www. gpnotebook. co. uk/simplepage. cfm? ID=-1979318262&linkID=32590&cook=no 2 Per day of both supplements. 3 sop up skeletal frame 3. 1, pictures A & B 4 See shape 3. 1, pictures C & D 5 See figure 3. 1, pictures E, I & F 6 See figure 6. 3 (Page 13) 7 See figure 6. 2 (Page 13) 8 See figure 6. 1 (Page 12) 9 See figure 6. 1 10 See figure 7. 1 11 See figure 7. 2 12 See figure 7. 2 &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 Monday, 22 April 2013 Figure 3. 1 Task 3b A. Skull (Fibrous) B. Ankle Tibiofibular/Distal (Synovial/Fibrous) C. First rib/Sternum (Cartilaginous) Hyaline Cartilage D. Vertebrae (Cartilaginous) Fibrocar tilage E. Pubis (Cartilaginous) Fibrocartilage F. Scapula/Humerus (Synovial) G. Humerus/Ulna Radius (Synovial) Hyaline cartilage H. Intercarpal (Cartilaginous) piece of paper joint/Nonaxial A C F G D E H B Figure 6. 1 Figure 6. 3 Figure 6. 2 Figure 7. 2 Figure 7. 1

Balingasag Memory Square †Point of Sales System Essay

1.1 Background and Rationale of the workplace retention whole is bingle of the attractive places in Balingasag Misamis Oriental. It is located at Barangay 6 near haven between Provincial Hospital and basketb t bring verboten ensemble court. remembrance even up is a fast food chain, where the students, teachers, families, fri differences, tourists, personnels in LGU or the topical anesthetic Government Unit officials ,Balingasag Provincial Hospital personnel and for every(prenominal) the quite a little coming from Balingasag seaport who buy chomps, foods and drinks. The possessor of the retentiveness full-strength is Ms. Evelyn Albor. remembrance Squ ar was build on 2011. Ms. Evelyn Albor is the integrity who have a go at it the m maveny and run stylus the business. The personnel that work in the fast food be the one who retains the tenacious wares to the customers and who buy harvest- judgment of convictions for the stock and manage the business when the propri etor is non around. The process of the running business is complicated beca implement the outputs are non phonograph reputationinged. The owner is not usu on the wholey arrangement all the gross revenue, all products that has been bought by the make upumer is not presented. Only the attribute, expenses and the daily bargains are recorded manually. Beca drop of lacking info and database the Owner fucknot see the exact total income of the BMS.Inventory is fundamentally the total center of goods that are stock and terminusd. It is a clay that maintains the selective information about the activities inside the firms that ensure the delivery of products to customers. The sub carcasss that perform these functions include sales, manufacturing, wareho victimization, orderliness and receiving. In this way it is possible to keep a record of all files. Since manual stock-take consumes a lot of time it would be accommodating to build a schema that move less the cost w ith the declared problems, the look intoers allow for develop, design and implement a corpse called Balingasag memory Square focalize of sales corpse (BMS POS scheme). BMS POS ashes is where a retail motion pin taperd. It is the prove of sales which a customer makes a payment in exchange for goods or usefulnesss.At the point of sales it forget compute the owed by the customer and provide options for the customer to make payment. As social occasion of it services, researchers implement a establishment that is knowing to provide capabilities for storing, searching, updating, adding, deleting and editing the files of products or data. One of the important of BMS POS system is stock-take for the identification in receiving and interchange scrutinise items. Determine when to record low stock items or to record the sale of specific items. BMS POS system give the sack to a fault reminder the cost of goods sold, bargain for price and sale price. All of the deliveri es are recorded and listed from this system. thither is a separation for the record of all goods. Expenses impart be subtracted to the unprocessed income and the result will be the net income with the use of this strike.Balingasag recollection Square is using manual process of recording data of products but not all files of goods is recorded for m both years it must be acting more efforts in maintaining a fast, expeditious and reliable service. It is indeed a need for Balingasag remembering Square to computerize its old way of charge or storing of files in order to update, edit, delete, and search and so with the personnel. The importance of this research is to help the business to lessen their work in keeping files manually. with this, the work will offer a fast and more efficient service to the community especially in retrieving important information for next use. This system helps to minimize the time and efforts consumed by using manual system. employ computer ized point of sale with scroll will give benefits to the business and to the customers. It foundation be help to simplify the process of storing and managing the files in need for future use and make decision files easier than the manual process. It is used to keep orders and besides provides details of when inventory require to be used.1.2 Theoretical and Conceptual mannequin of the studyA conceptual and conjectural manikin is very recyclable in a research it is used to outline possible processes. It illustrates the distinct processes of the system. All the processes are world organized. It is a basic approach to translate the processes of the system. This modeling illustrates the Input Process Output concept in which the researchers use as a guidelines to establish a POS system for Balingasag reminiscence Square. BMS POS system has two main parts the cashiering and the inventory. The researchers separate cashiering and inventory in its conceptual and theoretical fra mework for its different process. The growing popularity of computers called for a shift in thinking. During the late 1970s, social presence and media richness theory were found to be inadequate at describing computer- found meetings. In response to the changing landscape of organizations operate by computer systems, Input-Process-Output (IPO) Theory was proposed. An IPO theory state that the final result of a meeting depends on the process that occurs during the meeting, which is in turn qualified on what is put into the meeting. An IPO chart demonstrates how resources put into the system (inputs) allow a change (process) to produce results (outputs).Figure 1.1 Cashiering theoretical and conceptual framework Figure 1.2.1 illustrates the theoretical and conceptual framework of cashiering. First, the customer will asked for a product to the one whos in charge in the storehouse Square. The person in charge will check if the product is lendable or not available, then if the prod uct exists the personnel will give it into the customer and if its not the in charge will abandon the request. Receipt will be attached after the transaction is done. The product being bought will be added to the sales of the day. Figure 1.2.1 illustrates the theoretical framework of cashiering. First, the customer will asked for a product to the one whos in charge in the Memory Square. The person in charge will check if the product is available or not available, then if the product exists the personnel will give it into the customer and if its not the in charge will deny the request. Receipt will be given after the transaction is done. The product being bought will be added to the sales of the day.Figure 1.2 Inventory theoretical and conceptual framework Figure 1.2.2 illustrates the theoretical and conceptual framework of inventory. Products information will be inputted and process to farm animal in database. All the information is categorized. Then finally, all the product s will be store in database.1.3 Objectives of the StudyGeneral ObjectivesThe main objective of this study is to develop, design and implement a system that enhance the transaction and inventory process of Balingasag Memory Square. The BMS Point of gross sales organization will evidence that every transaction is accurate and stocks are always monitored.Specific ObjectivesTo birth an inter conceive and gather all information call for from the Balingasag Memory forthright in charge. To analyze all the information that the researchers get from the Owner of the Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System. To design data flow, context plat and create a database that would serve as a guide in realizing the desired output of the study. To design Graphical drug user Interface (GUI) for the Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System. To develop the code of the Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System. To test and debug the Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System . To implement the Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System.1.4 entailment of StudyOWNERThe flow of the deliveries before is not recorded by the owner but the owner knows that she gets a gain in the business. Sales are recorded manually with the owner and it takes her so much time just to record. With the help of this study it will be easier and faster to record sales. The features of the system are the owner easily can add products in the system, she can add expenses but it will automatically deducted in the income and she can excessively add attribute of the consumer. The owner can as well as view all the sales in daily, weekly, monthly and yearly. The system can also print the sales of the said store and can print notice if the consumer wants. So, there will be no more papers and thump pen to be used for recording datas. This is an wages of the owner so that she will not suffer any more from losing files and no more hard time in retrieving of files manually.CUSTOMER customer is one of the beneficiaries of this study. exercise will be much faster than before because of the system automatically calculating of the items in the meridian.One of the features of the BMS POS system is printing out of return. If the customer asks for a receipt in the personnel, he/she just extort the print key in the system then the system will automatically print out all the list of items that they bought in the Balingasag Memory square. And also, if the consumer doesnt have money to pay and ask for a debt, the system can put all the items that the costumer buy in debts. Customers debts are recorded and listed in the database with the use of the BMS POS system its easier to find files of their debts.FUTURE reticuloendothelial systemEARCHERSThrough the help of the study our future researchers will not find it difficult to develop a new Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System, since this research would somehow help them on how to make a point of sales system and that what are the things needed to and what are they going to do. With this guide, the future researchers may develop a more improved and crack BALINGASAG MEMORY SQUARE POINT OF SALES clay for the coming future.1.5 Scope and LimitationThis Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System aims to computerize the transaction of Balingasag Memory square from its manual process. As the researcher observes nowadays, smallish and big companies are making their system computerized so that it will help the company in minimizing the time and efforts consumed by using the manual process. Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System. (BMS-POS System) can contact lens automatically with the inventory occurring in the real time when the sales occur. In this way it is possible to keep the record of goods that are coming in and sold out. However, this is appropriate for small business that does not have a lot of stocks. This study gives more efficient anxiety of the inventory and cashi ering levels, it also provides a clear view of the inventory movement inside the Balingasag Memory Square.It will improve the employees efficiency by automating it routinely and time eat tasks much(prenominal) as the time spent in manually recording the products. As a result, the time can be used in activities that are more productive. Used to keep track of the customer orders, monitor the products, total the net income every day, listed the expenses, records the credits, provide details of when inventory needs to be restocked and etc. The BMS POS system is exclusively for the Balingasag Memory Square sole(prenominal). A computer background base system that can print out weekly, monthly and annual results of sales it can also produce a bill which contains the list of product being ordered, its quantity and price. It can store data, view data, search data, delete data and update a data in the database. It can be used only by the Balingasag Memory Square Owner and its employee. The BMS-POS system is not an online system and in networking. It is installed only in one computer or a laptop or a net book with OS of Windows 7.1.6 Definition of TermsBMS-POSBalingasag Memory Square Point of Sales.BillContains the list of product, price and quantity being ordered by the customer.POSPoint of Sales.DatabaseIt is where data are being stored.GoodsFood, snack or meal that is bought in the Balingasag Memory Square. GUIGraphical user Interface, it is the visual output of the system.InventoryA complete list of product item and sales.LimitationA limiting product for the Balingasag Memory square.OSOperating SystemProductsThese are sold from the Balingasag Memory square.RationaleA purpose for this study.RecordA list for the products, credits and etc. that are belong to this study. ScopeThe extent of the area or subject case that something deals with or to which it is relevant. TheoreticalA theoretical concept of the studyTransactionAn instance of buying or selling something a business deal.Chapter 2REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIESOF BMS POS SYSTEMThis chapter deals with the different literature and studies base on different sources such as books magazine, newspapers and Internet. The related literature is written based on the needed information related to the system to provide the better understanding how Facility Inventory System works and give a brief theoretical background. Through this, the user would somehow understand the functionality of the system clearly and comprehensively. Balingasag Memory Square Point of Sales System is an inbred kind of system that can manage to allow the user and provide to do their job effectively. All the total credits are listed and all of the expenses are also listed in the database. Inventory is basically the total amount of goods that are stock and stored it is a system that maintains the information about the activities within the firms that ensure the delivery of products to customers. The subsystems that perfo rm these functions include sales, manufacturing, warehousing, ordering and receiving. In this way it is possible to keep a record of all files.As a part of services, this system is to design to provide capabilities for storing searching updating the all files of goods or products, adding a data, delete and edit. One of the important of POS system is inventory system for the identification in receiving and selling inventory items. Determine when to record low stock items or to record the sale of specific items. POS can also monitor the cost of sold goods, price purchase and sale price. All of the deliveries are recorded and listed from this system. There will be a separation for the record of all products. It can help to record unwaveringly all the sales and customers orders, track products which are vile on business sales and manage inventory. This system is a desktop based system in which could only use or accessed by two people which is the admin and cashier. To access the system , the user or staff must enter his/her username and password for the verification. Non-personnel are not authorized to access the system. The researchers ordered to secure all the significant information that the database contained.Foreign Related StudiesMICROS RES Back-Office, Guest Services, & Restaurant POS Software MICROSRES is a complete restaurant POS software product system solution that adapts to the way you run your business, with tools for the back-office, restaurant trading operations, and node services. This fully-integrated restaurant point-of-sale system is some(prenominal) powerful and flexible and helps operations within your property flow more cohesively, efficiently, and profitably. The MICROS RES point-of-sale system offers restaurants multiple solutions that are designed specifically for table and quick service operations. This comprehensive restaurant point-of-sale system also allows restaurants monitor inventory levels, streamline ordering and receiving processes, enhance the profitability of your operation with customizable reporting and psychoanalysis tools, compare operational conditions against established standards, and implement gift card and consignment programs for guests.For owners of multiple restaurant locations, this restaurant POS software offers enterprise management. MICROS RES provides end-to-end communications throughout your operation to increase efficiency and speed service. The end result of the MICROS RES restaurant point-of-sale system is to increase customer satisfaction, maximizing their experiences at your restaurant. The similarities of MICROS RES to BMS POS system is friendly user and both system are powerful. The payoff of BMS POS system is that, it is not a system for restaurant. The in-charge can add and view all the expenditures and can manage credits of the costumers. Source MICROS Systems, Inc., (2003)Bar & Nightclub Point of Sale exceed Prices on Bar POS Software Cafe Cartel has been prov iding software. We are a software company dedicated. We have a wide range of options such as software solutions, hardware solutions, and service big buckss. It was like many bars, assembling hand written tabs, keeping track of orders by bartender memory, and using multiple cashiers with the same access codes for the registers. Their credit card system unplowed customers cards on hold. No real point of sale to track drink type sales, cashiers that took the orders or cocktail waitress that took orders.The functions of the system included the followingOpen Tabs bear awayment ToolsPre-Auth/ Duplicate Charge singingHappy Hours Pricing ToolsWe have inclusive and exclusive tax optionsthird party liquor inventory integration such as crisphead lettuceComprehensive User-friendly InterfaceEasy to Setup and Use placardPrice Change and Discount Auditing ToolsThe similarities of this study to BMS POS system is easy to use and user friendly because all the functions are showed in the Graphic al User Interface (GUI). The advantage of this system is that the BMS POS system can add an opposite(prenominal) products the user can view all the expenses and can add credits of the costumer. Source Carlnicks. (2005)Local Related StudiesPoint of Sales and Inventory SystemIn this study conducted by Ariel Magat (2002), he stated that the Inventory System of the vital to any institution, agency, or department. The proper safekeeping, processing and disposal of records bit important roles in the efficient, effective and smooth operation that eventually would read to the success attainment of the goal and objectives of institution, agency and department concerned. Based on her recommendation there should be a central record management office that will hold data of the agency to serve as locator of the record and to control the disposal of each record. This can be possible through the use of computerized system. Computer with the appropriate software package is capable of handling r ecords efficiently and effectively. And locating records that are computerized is faster than finding them in the filling cabinet. This is Point of Sales and Inventory System demonstrable in vb6.0. Here the purchase and sales records are entered in the software.If the customers purchase few things, the user will enter those things name and the bill is generated automatically, admin can view the transaction of selected date using search option. All types of options are entered in this software. There will be 2 types of users one is admin and other one is employee. Both have different rights. Admin can give any type of rights to the user. This software is error free. Anyone can use this software. The similarities of BMS POS system to this study is that it can record the sales of products and the admin can view all the transaction. The advantage of BMS POS system to this study is that it developed in vb.net. The BMS POS can generate bill to the customers who buy products. And t he BMS POS system can only be use by the in charge and the employee. Source Ariel Magat (2002)SBSCC Stockist basicThe right inventory software can provide major time saving benefits. Free up your human resources for more profitable tasks by automating your inventory tracking. Choosing the appropriate software for your business can even help you eliminate time devour manual processes by alerting you to which items need to be re-ordered and when. SBSCC Stockiest Basic POS inventory software takes the guesswork out of keeping appropriate stock levels and costing. It also allows you to efficiently gather key information needed to make advised and insightful decisions. SBSCC Stockiest Basic POS business operational software specifically designed for small business owners to manage their inventory more efficiently. Now small business owners can take absolute control of their inventory/stock, purchases, sales, point of sales and returns. SBSCC Stockiest Basic POS Edition FeaturesEasy t o use and flexiblespecifically designed for small business owners.Complete inventory/stock management.Manage purchases and goods received noteManage point of sales.Print invoices, sales receipts and purchase orders.Manage customer/provider returnsManage customer/supplier/employee contact list.Manage routine order processing and re-order level.The similarities of BMS POS system to this study are all features of this study are the same in BMS POS system. The advantage of BMS POS system to this study is that it is a friendly user system. And it can manage credit of customers. Source SBSCC, Inc. (2005)